I. What are anchor bolts?
Anchor bolts are special fasteners that are pre-embedded or installed in concrete foundations. They are mainly used to fix steel structure columns, equipment bases, supports, and large machinery to the foundation to resist tensile, compressive, shear, wind loads, and seismic loads. They are core basic components for industrial buildings, steel structure projects, and equipment installation.
II. Anchor Bolt Classification
1. Classification by structural style
With its simple structure and low cost, the L-shaped bend at the tail is pre-embedded, ensuring stable gripping of concrete. It is widely used in ordinary steel structure workshops, railings, and small equipment foundations, and is the most commonly used standard design in engineering projects.
The tail hook is deeper, providing stronger anchoring force, making it less prone to loosening and offering superior pull-out resistance compared to the L-type. Suitable for small and medium-sized equipment, tower crane foundations, and support fixing; compatible with standard civil engineering pre-embedded projects.
-Anchor plate type anchor bolts
The screw has a thickened anchor plate welded to its bottom, providing a large contact area, extremely high load-bearing capacity, and making it difficult to pull out. It is specifically designed for heavy-duty projects such as large steel structure workshops, high-rise steel columns, wind power equipment, and heavy machinery.
Claw-type anchor bolts are a type of pre-embedded anchor bolt. The upper section of the bolt is threaded to fit a nut and washer, securing the equipment base. The lower end is hot-forged or welded into a 2-4 lobe claw-like structure (cat's claw style), unlike ordinary L-type or J-type single hooks, providing a larger contact area between the anchoring claws and the concrete. Some models are equipped with anchor plates to further enhance load-bearing capacity. All are pre-embedded before concrete pouring.
2. Classification by material strength
-Carbon steel with ordinary strength: grade 4.8 and 8.8, blackened/galvanized, cost-effective, suitable for general indoor projects.
-High-strength carbon steel: Grade 10.9 and Grade 12.9, high strength and high tensile strength, suitable for heavy-duty, high-pressure and large steel structure projects.
-Stainless steel materials: SS304, SS316, 2205 duplex steel, rust-proof and corrosion-resistant, suitable for coastal, humid and chemically corrosive environments.
3. Classified by installation method
-Pre-embedded anchor bolts: Pre-positioned and embedded before pouring concrete, they offer excellent integrity, high load-bearing capacity, and maximum stability, making them the preferred choice for main projects.
-Post-installed anchor bolts: installed by drilling holes after the concrete has hardened, suitable for renovation, addition, replacement of old equipment, and subsequent reinforcement projects.
III. Core Function of Anchor Bolts
1. Fixed connection: Securely fix the steel structure columns, equipment base, brackets, and main body of the machinery to the concrete foundation to prevent displacement or sliding.
2. Load Transfer: Effectively transfers vertical pressure, upward tension, and horizontal shear force from the equipment, evenly distributing external forces to the foundation concrete.
3. Overturning and Vibration Resistance: Resists equipment vibration, wind force, and seismic loads, preventing equipment tilting, collapse, or displacement.
4. Precise Leveling: Adjusts the height using upper and lower nuts to correct the levelness of the equipment and steel structure, ensuring installation accuracy.
5. Enhanced Project Stability: Strengthens the overall structural strength and service life of the plant, equipment, supports, and towers.
IV. Main Application Scenarios
1.L-shaped anchor bolts
Applications: Light steel frame workshops, photovoltaic brackets, guardrails, small water pumps, and simple equipment bases.
Limitations: Suitable for environments with low load and minimal vibration; not suitable for equipment that vibrates continuously, such as crushers and vibrating screens, as they are prone to loosening over time.
2.J-type anchor bolts
Applications: Small and medium-sized pumps, general air compressors, tower crane auxiliary foundations, warehouse steel columns.
3. Anchor plate type anchor bolts
Applications: Main steel columns of large factory buildings, LNG units, generator sets, bridge bearings, and chemical static equipment.
Short board: When the equipment vibrates continuously for a long time, the anchor plate will be under concentrated stress, which can easily cause the concrete to crack. Therefore, it is not the preferred choice for vibration equipment.
4.Claw-type anchor bolts
Applications: Crushers, vibrating screens, mining equipment, large compressors, metallurgical equipment, wind power foundations, heavy-duty tower cranes
V. Core Product Advantages
1. A full range of specifications and styles are available, supporting custom bending and non-standard size processing based on drawings.
2. Hot-dip galvanized/electro-galvanized/blackened surface treatments ensure rust resistance and durability, suitable for long-term outdoor use.
3. A complete range of high-strength grades are available to meet various working conditions, including light and heavy loads, corrosion resistance, high temperatures, and chemical applications.
4. High thread precision and excellent nut and washer matching ensure smooth installation and secure locking.
5. Material testing reports and factory certificates of conformity are available, supporting overseas engineering bidding projects.
6. Compliant with national standards, American standards, German standards and other international standards
We supply L-type, J-type, claw-type, and anchor plate-type anchor bolts, in grades 8.8-12.9, made of carbon steel, with stainless steel options available. Hot-dip galvanized anchor bolts firmly secure steel structures and heavy equipment to concrete foundations; custom sizes are available. If you require professional consultation and support services from Handan Jihao Fasteners, we are happy to assist you.
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